While appearing for the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) exam, students are asked to write on a line graph Task 1. The Line Graph is a graphical representation of the change in the value of one or more variables. The axis of the graph is called X and Y and represents the values. The IELTS writing task 1 line graph exercise requires you to describe and summarize the line graph.
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Sample: IELTS Writing Task 1 Line Graph
Source: https://www.english-exam.org/IELTS/academic_writing_samples_task_1/996/
The above graph shows the past, current, and expected growth in the population of India and China. The chart shows the population graph between the years 2000 and 2015 in China and India. In the year 2000, the population of China was around 1.2 billion people while the Indian population was at 1.0 billion. After a decade, in the year 2010, the population of India reached 1.2 billion while the Chinese population grew by 0.1 billion reaching 1.35 billion. The growth rate has continued over the next decade and in 2020, the Chinese population has grown to 1.42 billion while the population in India shows a steeper growth rate. In 2020, the Indian population grew to 1.34 billion.
In the year 2030, both countries will have an equal population of 1.45 billion people. After that, the Chinese population is expected to show a slow yet steady decline while the Indian population is likely to continue its growth. By 2050, India will have 1.6 billion people while China’s population level will decline to 1.4 billion. The graph shows a consistent yet aggressive expansion of the Indian population while the Chinese population will reach its peak in 2030 before dropping.
Important Resources to Read About IELTS:
Tips for line graph
Candidates should follow the tips mentioned below to score high in the writing task 1 line graph:
- Pay attention to the title of the graph and use it to give an overview
- Follow it up with the parameters as mentioned in the X and Y-axis
- Describe the line pattern using visual words such as steady increase, or sharp decline
- Limit your line graph description to what you can see in the graph, instead of using your logic to describe the events
- If multiple lines are there, create comparisons to show the relationship between the lines.
Following this example and the tips will make it easy for you to score well in this exercise. To prepare better, you can go through more examples to practice describing the various graphs accurately for better preparation, resulting in a high band score in your IELTS writing test.
Recommended Reads:
IELTS Writing Task 1 Line Graph Questions: For Self Practice
The chart below gives some of the most reported issues among people living in UK cities in 2008 (%). Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.
Source:https://www.bestmytest.com/ielts/ielts-academic-writing/1
IELTS Line Graph Vocabulary
Candidates must use a diverse vocabulary to indicate upward and downward trends in order to earn a good band score.
IELTS line graph verbs and nouns
Upward trend:
- Rise/ a rise
- Grow/ a growth
- Go up
- Increase/ an increase
- Climb/ a climb
Downward trend:
- Decrease/ a decrease
- Fall/ a fall
- Drop/ a drop
- Decline/ a decline
Other vocabularies:
- Plateau
- Bottom out
- Hit a low of
- Hit a high of
- Peak at
- Reach a peak of
- Level off
- Remain stable
- Remain unchanged
- Remain steady
- Dip/ a dip
- Fluctuate/ a fluctuation
Line graph adverbs and adjectives
Adverbs: Considerably, significantly, steadily, gradually, rapidly, sharply, slightly, steeply, dramatically
Adjectives: Considerable, significant, steady, gradual, rapid, sharp, slight, steep, dramatic
Time expressions
IELTS line graphs indicate change over time. Below are a few expressions that will help candidates describe the passing time without too much repetition:
- At the end of the period
- At the beginning of the period
- The final year
- The first year
- The last year
- Over the period
- The next three days show
- In the following three days
- Three days later
- Over the next three days
Read More Resources About IELTS:
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Frequently Asked Questions
How to write a line graph in IELTS?
- Candidates should try to include all information from the two-axis and the names of categories.
- They should put all main trends in an overview statement and not divide their key points into different paragraphs. It should be made sure to include the main increases and decreases shown.
- Candidates should use diverse vocabulary and avoid making spelling mistakes.
- They should use data to support their sentences.
- An empty line should be left between paragraphs to make reading easier. It is not a rule but a strong recommendation.
- If the line graph contains too many lines and a lot of movement, candidates should be selective as they are marked on the ability to select key features.
- Candidates should not spend more than 20 minutes on task 1 as they will need a full 40 minutes for task 2.
- Candidates should write 150 words or more. They should aim for about 160-190 words and avoid writing below the word count.
How many types of graphs are there in IELTS?
The IELTS exam consists of 6 types of charts: maps, bar charts, pie charts, process diagrams, tables, or line graphs, and candidates need to write a report about one of these.
How many parts of a line graph are there?
There are six parts of a line graph:
- The title: It provides a short description of the graph's content. This makes it easier for the reader to figure out what they are about to look at.
- The legend: It explains what each line means. As the legend on the map, it helps the reader understand what they are looking at.
- The source: The source explains where the candidates found the information in the graph.
- Y-axis: The y-axis in line graphs goes vertically (up and down). The amount of anything being measured is usually represented by numbers on the y-axis.
- The data: The information, or data, contained in the graph is the most significant aspect of it. Line graphs can display multiple groups of data at once.
- X-axis: The horizontal axis is called the x-axis (flat). The x-axis usually has numbers that indicate different time periods or the names of the entities being compared.
What are the different types of line graphs?
There are three types of line graphs:
- Simple line graph: These graphs have only a single line plotted on them.
- Multi-line graph or polyline graph: These graphs are commonly used for comparison and have more than one line on the same axis.
- Compound line graph: These graphs are an advanced version of multi-line graphs and the area between two lines is shaded, which indicates the size of that part.
What is the difference between a line graph and a linear graph?
Although they are both made up of line segments, there is a significant difference between them. The difference can be seen in the figure that results from combining the line segments. In a linear graph, all of the points are collinear and hence lie on a line. They may or may not be collinear in the case of a line graph.
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The above tips are the Author's experiences. upGrad does not guarantee scores or admissions.